Gerund adalah pembentukan keterangan benda dari kata kerja+ingGerund is form of noun that from verb+ing

The Function/types of gerund there are :

1. Gerund as a subject
2. Gerund as an Object of verb
3. Gerund as an Object of Preposition
4. Gerund as a complemend

•  Gerund as a subject

examples:

• Gerund as an object of verb

examples:
we enjoy playing game in the computer. (Playing as object of verb, enjoy)
I don't like smoking. (Smoking as object of verb, like)
She admits cheating in test. (cheating as object of verb, admit)
He doesn't mind coming to the party. (coming as object of verb, mind)

note: kata kerja yang diikuti gerund tanpa menggunakan to untuk Gerund as an object of verb

There are some certain verbs that can followed by gerund

1. enjoy          : menikmati                            16. Forgive       : memaafkan
2. mind           : keberatan                            17. understand  : memahami
3. like             : menyukai                             18. resist           : menahan
4. Admit         : mengakui                             19. keep on      : terus menerus
5. appreciate  : menghargai                           20. parent         : mencegah
6. avoid          : menghindari                         21. risk             : mengambil resiko
7. anticipate    : mengharapkan                     23. neglect        : meremehkan
8. come          : datang                                 24. continue      : meneruskan
9. consider     : mempertimbangkan              25. stop            : berhenti
10. delay          : menunda                              26. deny           : menghayal
11. detest         : membenci                            27. finish           : menyelasaikan
12. postpone    : menunda                              28. mention      : menyebutkan
13. practice      : mempraktikan                      29. discuss       : membahas
14. pardon       : memaafkan                          30. suggest       : menyarankan
15. refuse         : menolak

• Gerund as an object of perposotion

examples:
He thought about sending an email. (about as a preposition, sending as gerund)
He gave up drinking beer. (up as a preposition, drinking as gerund)
She went to sleep after reading novel (to and after are preposition, reading as gerund)
He goes on searching before finding the materials. (on and before are preposition, Searching and finding are gerund)
They objected to paying taxes. (to as preposition, paying as gerund)

Some preposition:
at, in, under, before, after
about, without, on, of, from
though, up, for and to

"to" as a preposition followed by gerund appears in some verbs
to be used to (terbiasa)
to be accustomed to (terbiasa)
to objected to (keberatan)
to take to (menyukai)
to averse to (terbiasa)
to look forward to (menanti-nanti)
examples:
I am used to drinking coffee (It's gerund), I used to drink coffee (it isn't gerund)
They objected to financing the orphan
She looks forward to seeing that film

• Gerund as a complement

It followed a predicate in the form tobe
tobe: are, is, was, were
examples:
My hobby is swimming
her favorite sport is swimming
what he wants are sleeping and dreaming


Penjelasan:
untuk bagian pertama, gerund as subject, gerund sebagai subjek
contoh pertama: Browsing in the internet is fun (berjelajah di internet itu menyenagkan)
kata Browsing itu asalnya Browse (verb1) yang ditambahkan ing
Browsing di dalam kalimat di atas terletak di depan atau sebagai subjek
contoh kedua: Cooking is a good hobby (Memasak adalah hobi yang bagus)
kata Cooking berasal dari kata kerja cook (Verb1) yang ditambhkan ing
untuk contoh: Being poor forced him to rob bank
kata being berasal dari kata be (verb1:menjadi) yang ditambahkan ing

bagian kedua: gerund as an object of verb
gerund terletak sebagai objek dari kata kerja
we enjoy Playing game in the computer
kata Playing berasal dari kata kerja Play(verb1) yang ditambankan ing

bagian ketiga: gerund as an object of preposition
gerund terletak sebagai objek dari kata perangkai
He gave up drinking beer
Drinking  sebagai gerund karena sebelum drinking ada kata up, kata up sebagai kata perangkai
untuk kata perangkai to lebih sulit daripada kata perangkai lainnya, karena kata perangkai to yang diikuti oleh gerund akan muncul dengan beberapa kata kerja contohnya ada diatas: to be used to, to be accustomed, dll.

untul bagian keempat hanyalah sebagai tambahan
gerund as complement, gerund sebagai pelengkat
gerund sebagai pelengkap biasanya diikuti  predikat dalam bentuk tobe(is, are... kecuali am)
gerund as a complement hampir mirip dengan Continous tense, tetapi berbeda